Cleanup and bulk fixes to Mastodon API (resolves #495, #509, #707, #714, #721, #804, #811, #865, and partially #492)

What does this MR do?

Sorry for the large PR! I normally keep things small and self-contained but that didn't work out this time. Anyway, this PR includes a massive cleanup to the Mastodon API that incidentally fixes a number of bugs. The full list of changes is as follows:

• Fix all TS and ESLint errors / warnings in the mastodon API
• Fix property typos that broke data conversion
• Fix multiple mastodon converters
• Add missing entity properties
• Normalize logging and remove duplicate try...catch blocks
• Validate required API parameters
• Support mastodon API when running on a non-standard public port (such as local debugging)
• Use type-safe error handling
• Fix quote-post logic (some quotes were being detected as reblogs / pure renotes)
• Fix account relation models and add missing properties (memo & instance blocks)
• Hide restricted note content from multiple endpoints
• Fix media attachment conversion and calculate aspect / size
• Fix empty responses from several endpoints caused by returning Promise<Promise<T>>
• Fix incorrect calculation of sensitive property
• Packaging fixes to megalodon (fix module export, NodeJS engine, and TS build target)
• Export the logger service's Data types for reference elsewhere

Note: I have only partially tested this change via unauthenticated API requests. I do not have access to a true Mastodon client for a full verification.

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